FBS Test (Fasting Blood Sugar)

Preparing for an FBS test requires adherence to specific guidelines to ensure accurate results. They are as stated below: Prerequisites It is imperative to not consume any food or drink, except water, for a minimum of 8-12 hours before the FBS test. Since food affects sugar levels, testing in a fasting state gives a more accurate picture of blood sugar levels. The best time to get tested The FBS test is usually scheduled in the morning before breakfast. This timing ensures that the individual has undergone overnight fasting for accurate test results. Who can do the FBS test Individuals with symptoms of diabetes (such as increased thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, and increased hunger) or who have risk factors for diabetes such as obesity or a family history of diabetes are eligible for the FBS test. Besides being a screening test to check for diabetes, the FBS test is done along with Postprandial Blood Sugar (PPBS) to monitor treatment efficacy in individuals with diabetes. The test is also done as part of routine health assessments to monitor blood glucose levels and to check for gestational diabetes in pregnant women. Cautions before taking the FBS test Before undergoing the FBS test, it is essential to inform your healthcare provider about any medications you have been taking. Certain medications can potentially influence blood sugar levels, thereby affecting the accuracy of the test results.

An FBS test is recommended in the following instances:

• Routine Monitoring

The FBS test is ordered for routine monitoring of blood glucose levels, often during annual physical examinations, to track changes in blood glucose levels over time.

• Screening During Pregnancy

FBS testing is done between the 24th and 28th weeks of pregnancy to screen for gestational diabetes as a part of a Glucose Tolerance test to ensure that pregnancy hormones are not adversely affecting blood sugar levels.

• Symptom Assessment and Risk Factor Evaluation

Your healthcare provider may order the FBS test if you have symptoms of diabetes, such as increased thirst, frequent urination, blurred vision, fatigue, unexplained weight loss, numbness/tingling in the hands and feet, or sores that don’t heal. The test may also be ordered if you have risk factors for diabetes, such as obesity, high blood pressure, age 45 years or older, sedentary lifestyle, history of stroke or heart disease, or a history of gestational diabetes.

• Monitoring of Prediabetes

An FBS test may be ordered to monitor your sugar levels if you have previously had a glucose level that was higher than normal or are prediabetic. Regular FBS testing may be done to check if the recommended lifestyle changes reverse prediabetes and prevent diabetes.

• Monitoring in Individuals with Diabetes

Regular testing for FBS is essential to track blood sugar levels in those with diabetes. This helps assess treatment efficacy and adjust medication doses if needed.

• Diagnosing Conditions Other Than Diabetes That Cause Low Glucose Levels

The FBS test aids in identifying conditions other than diabetes that can cause hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar levels). These include liver diseases like viral hepatitis, liver cancer or cirrhosis; chronic kidney disease; and hormonal disorders such as reduced hormone production by the pituitary and adrenal glands. Diabetes medications and prolonged fasting can also cause low glucose levels.

• Diagnosing Conditions Other Than Diabetes That Can Cause High Blood Glucose Levels

The test can be used to diagnose conditions other than diabetes that can cause elevated blood glucose levels, like acromegaly, Cushing syndrome, hyperthyroidism, and pancreatic disorders.